Hand rock-drill



(No Model.)

2 sheets-Sheet 1.

Patented July 6, 189?.

HAND ROCK DRILL.

A. M. SOUTI-IARD.

TH: onlus Urns ca. Pmnuumo.. wAsHwavoN. u. c.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheer1 2.

Av. M. SOUTHARD. HAND ROCK DRILL.

No. 585,795."` Patented July 6, 1897.

JW. SQL/#73rd UNITED STATES ABRAHAM M. SOUTHA RD,

OF DENVER, COLORADO.

HAND ROCK-DRILL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 585,795, dated July 6,1897.

Application filed December 1l, 1896. Serial No. 615,397. (No model.)

To LZZ whom it 'may concern,.-

Be it known that LABRAHAM M. SOUTHARD, a citizen of the United States ofAmerica, residing at Denver, in the county of Arapahoe and State ofColorado, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in HandRock- Drills; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, andexact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilledin the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, referencebeing had to the accompanying` drawings, and to the Iigures and lettersof reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to improvements in hand rock-drills; and itconsists of the fea tures, arrangements, and combinations hereinafterdescribed and claimed, all of which will be fully understood byreference to the accompanying drawings, in which is illustrated anembodiment thereof.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section takenthrough the easing, the inclosed mechanism being shown partly insection. Fig. 2 illustrates, partly in section, the means for supportingthe drill within the shaft or tunnel. Fig. 3 is a section taken on theline y y, Fig. 2. Fig. -t is a section taken on the line :n fr, Fig. 2.Fig. 5 is a side View of the clamp which engages the drill-shaft. Fig. 6is a detail view in perspective of one of the dogs employed in drawingback the drill-shaft after each forward stroke. Fig. 7 is a verticalcross-section'taken on the line z z, Fig. 1. Fig. 8 is a similar sectiontaken on'the line w w, Fig. 1. Fig. 9 is a detail view in perspective,illustrating the device for imparting the partial rotary movement to thedrill-shaft between strokes. Fig. 10 is a detail View of the gear orcog- Wheel which cooperates with the device shown in Fig. 9. Fig. 11 isa perspective view of thecomplete drill.

Similar reference-characters indicate corresponding parts in the.views.

Let the numeral 5 designate the drill-casing, having closed ends orheads through which the reciprocating drill-shaft 6 passes. Inclosedwithin this casing and slidingly supported on opposite sides thereof aretwo cogracks 7 and 7 a, respectively. These racks are engaged by amutilated gear 8, journaled in the casin g and operated by thehand-lever 9.

The drill-shaft is surrounded by a loose collar 10, whose edge isalternately engaged by is drawn backward and causes said collar to gripthe shaft 6, which is moved backward with the rack. The shaft fitsnicely within this gripping-collar, the latter being made to grip theshaft by applying pressure on one side only of its edge. Each roller 12cengages an inclined stop 15, attached to the casing, and causes the dogto move outwardly sufijciently to release the collar 10 when thedrillshaft has reached its backward limit of movement.

Immediately in the rear of the collar 10 and also surrounding thedrill-shaft is a clamp 16, composed of two members 16a and 16C,connected by gripping-dogs 16, whose extremities are pivoted on pins16g, passed through lugs on the clamp members. One extremity of each dog1td is provided with an elongated aperture to allow the members sufcientmovement for clamping and releasingv the drill-shaft. Into the clampmember lwhich is threaded for the purpose, is screwed a tension-nut 17,against which bears one extremity of the power-spring 18. Thispower-spring,

acting on the clamp 16, causes the dogs 1GI to grip the drill-shaft 6.Hence as soon as the collar 10 is released by either dog 12 thepowerspring, acting on the dog 16, drives the drillshaft forward,forcing the bit or drilling-tool into the rock.

Attached to the front head 19 of the casing is a collar 20, surroundingthe shaft 6. On this collar is mounted a cushion 21, composed of leatheror other suitable material, against which the collar 10 strikes when itreaches its forward limit of movement. As soon as the collar lO engagesthis cushion the clamp 16 stops and the momentum of the shaft carriesthe latter forward through the clamp 16 or causes the drillto feedforward into the rock, as ma)7 be required.

To the forward extremity of a rod 24, located within the casing, isattached a collar 22, surrounding the member 16c of the clamp 1G. Thiscollar is connected with the clamp member by a set-screw 2S, whichprojects into a ICO circumferential groove formed in the neck or reducedportion of the clamp part.

To the opposite or rear extremity of the rod 24 is attached the device25, which protrudes through the rear head of the casing and engages cogson the periphery of a wheel 26, incased within said head and providedwith ball-bearin gs 27. This wheel is provided with a tongue whichengages a longitudinal groove formed in the drill-shaft, whereby thelatter is free to move longitudinally through the gear, while the gearand shaft must rotate t'ogether. As the drill-shaft is reciprocated therod 24 is given a corresponding movement by virtue of the constructionheretofore described.

The device 25 is provided with two tongues 25 and 25C, having beveledfaces A and B, respectively. The tongue 25 is located forward of thetongue .25C and the two tongues are not in line with each other, onebeing lo cated on the upper part of the body of the device and the otheron the lower part thereof, the arrangement being such that the loweredge of the tongue 25u is in the same plane as the upper edge of thetongue 250. The beveled extremities of these tongues are separated by aspace 25d. As the rod 24 moves forward the face B of the tongue 25cengages a cog on the gear 26 and imparts a partial rotary movement tothe gear and the shaft G. Again, as the rod 24 moves backward the face Aof the tongue 25 is brought in contact with the same cog and anotherpartial turn given the drill-shaft in the same direction, since the cogmay be said to move upward as it engages each inclined face. As the rod24 makes another reciprocation the next cog of the wheel engages thefaces A and B in the same manner. Hence the necessary partial rotarymovements between strokes are imparted to the drill-shaft during theoperation of the machine.

It will be observed from an inspection of the drawings (see Fig. 9) thatas the rod and the device E5 are making the forward movement one cog ofthe gear26 is moving in the path C, below the tongue 25, until itreaches the face B of the tongue 25C, when the cog travels upward onsaid face into the path D above the tongue-250. Again, as the device 25moves in the opposite direction the same cog of the gear is in the pathof the beveled face B and moves upward thereon to the top of the tongue25% The drill-casing is attached to a supportingbar 46 by a hinged.clamp 47, to one part of which is attached a threaded projection 47,passing through an opening in the casing. Screwed on this projectionoutside of the casing isa nut 28, while inside the casing another nut 29is applied to the projection, which is made of two diameters for therespective nuts. The nut 29 is keyed on the projection after beingscrewed to position. When the outer nut is screwed tightly against thecasin g, the latter is prevented from turning on the projection 47a. Ifit is desired to turn the casing, it is only necessary to loosen the nut28 slightly, there being sufficient clearance between it and theshoulder of the clamp for the purpose, after which the casing may beturned at will.

The parts of the clamp 47 are fastened together opposite the hinge bymeans of a bolt 49, having one extremity pivoted or hinged on one of theclamp parts. This bolt engages an open slot formed in a lug 47e on theother clamp part and is fastened by a nut 30,screwed on its threadedextremity to engage with said slotted lug. The clamp 47 is applied tothe bar 4G between two collars 3l and These collars are connected by atongue or small bar of metal 5l, whose extremities are made fast to thecollars by rivets 53. The collars are fastened to the bar 46 by means ofset-bolts 52. By loosening these bolts the collars may be turned on thebar to give the tongue 5l any desired position. The clamp 47 is providedwith a groove which is engaged by the tongue 5l. This tongue preventsthe clamp from turning on the bar when the setscrews 52 aretightened,but by loosening these bolts and turning the collars thedrill-casing and its shaft may be made t-o occupy a horizontal position,a vertical position, or any position intermediate the horizontal andvertical.

The length of the bar 46 is regulated by means of an extension-bar 33telescoping in the bar 46 and controlled by a clamp or gripping-collar34, inclosed by asleeve 35, applied to one extremity of the bar 46. Thecollar 34 has a projection 34 protruding from an opening in the sleeve35. This sleeve has a lug 35, which engages the collar on one side nearits edge, causing it to grip the bar 33 and prevent its inward movement.

It will be readily seen that the collar does not resist the outwardmovement of the telescoping bar. The latter may be moved into the bar 46at will when the collar 34 is held in such a position that it cannotgrip the bar. The protruding part 34@ of the collar permits thenecessary manipulation to accomplish this purpose. This support for thedrill is provided with brads or sharpened extremities 37, adapted toreadily enter the walls of t-he shaft or tunnel. The drill is furthersupported by an arm 39, hinged to the collar 3 1, and extending at anydesired angle to the bar 46. This arm engages a depending bracket 40,attached to the forward extremity of the casing. This bracket isprovided with slotted projections, which allow the arm to pass betweenthem and support the drill when the arm is located on eitherside'thereof. The outer extremity of this arm is provided with a brad39, which engages the breast of the rock.

The casing of the drill is provided with hinged portions 5a on eachside, which allow access to the mechanism within.

In operating the drill the lever 9 is moved IOO IIO

back and forth, each movement giving` the mutilated gear a partial turn.This lever may be adapted to occupy any desired position by means of aclutch composed of two members 3 and 4. The member 3 is fast on thejournal of the gear, while the member 4 is apertured to slip over theprotruding extremity of the gears journal and contains a socket toreceive the lever, which is slotted to allow the threaded extremity ofthe journal to protrude. The lever is fastened and the clutchmembers'locked securely in place by a nut 2, screwed down upon thelever. As the gear 8 is turned the rack-bars 7 and 7 are moved inopposite directions, since they are engaged by opposite segments of thegear. The rack -bar which is moving backward gives the drill-shaft acorresponding movement by virtue of the Aengagement of the dog 12 withthe gripping-collar 10. As soon as this dog reaches its correspondingstop or trip 15 the dog is disengaged from the collar 10 and the recoilof the spring, acting on the clamp 16, drives the drill-shaft forward.The clamp 16 and the collar 10 move forward with the "drill-shaft untilthe collar engages the cushion 21. The drill-shaft then feeds forwardthrough the clamp by virtue of. its own niomentum.` l

The tension-nut, when properly adj usted, is locked by means of aset-screw 40, threaded to engage a threaded aperture in the member 16Lof the clamp 16. This screw is swiveled in a block 41, engaging a recessin said member and having its inner surface threaded to fit the threadedportion of the tension-nut. By turning this screw inwardly the block 41is pressed tightly against the threads of the nut, whereby the latter islocked from movement until the screw is released or loosened.

The rack-bars 7 and 7 a are held in'place by bolts 42, which passthrough apertures in the casing 5 and engage slots 7G, formed in therack-bars. These bolts fornr guides for the bars and the stops 15 areattached to their inner extremities.

As the drill-shaft is reciprocated the rod 24 is correspondinglyactuated, whereby the device 25 engages the gear 26and imparts thenecessary rotary movement to the shaft. The power-spring 1S engages ashoulder 26a on the gear 26 and holds the latter i n contact with theball-bearings 27. The gear is not supposed to touch the inner plate 43when the drill is in operation or when the power-spring is in place.

Whenever it is necessary to remove the drill-shaft from the hole in therock for any purpose, as for cleaning out the hole, the clamp 47 isloosened sufficiently to allow the clamp to slide on the bar 46. Thedrill is then moved from' the collar 31 toward the collar 32, thusplacing it entirely out of the way and giving' free access to the holein the rock. When again ready to proceed with the work, the drill ismoved on the bar 46 until the clamp 47 engages the collar 31, thusbringing the drill-shaft directly in line with the hole. i

The arm 39 is interchangeable and may be connected with either collar 31or 32. In the foregoing description reference is made to Figs. 2 and 11,in which this arm is` shown attached to the collar 31.

It must be observed that the mechanism for turning the drill-shaftimparts a uniform movement thereto at all times. Moreover, it isimpossible for the shaft to turn in either direction except as it isactuated by this mechanism, since the tongues 25a and 25C lit nicelybetween the cogs of the 'wheel 26, the device 25 being accuratelyguided, whereby it can move only in a direct line. This device 25 passesthrough an opening in the rear end of the casing, its protruding portionbeing concealed by a case or cover 50.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is- 1. In a rock-drill,the combination with a casing, a reciprocating shaft, and a powerspring,of a clamp mounted on the shaft and engaged by the power-spring, saidclamp comprising members directly connected by gripping-dogs which areadapted to engage the shaft, one end of each dog having an elongatedaperture where it is connected with the clamp member, the front end ofthe casingbeing provided with a suitable stop adapted to resist themovement of the clamp while the shaft feeds, the front end of the casingbeing provided with a suitable stop adapted to resist the movement ofthe clamp while the shaft feeds.

2. In a rock-drill, the combination with a casing, a reciprocating shaftand a powerspring, of a loose gripping-collar surrounding the'shaft,racks slidingly mounted on the casing, spring-held dogs pivoted on theracks and adapted to engage the gripping-collar, means mounted on thecasing for releasing the dogs when the shaft has reached its backwardlimit of movement, a clamp mounted on the shaft and engaged by thepower-spring, said clamp comprising two members loosely connected bygripping-dogs which are adapted to engage the shaft, and a suitable stopattached to the front end of the casing and IOO IIO

adapted to resist the movement of the clamp while the shaft feeds.

3. In a rock-drill, the combination with a casingfa reciprocating shaft,a power-spring and a mutilated gear, of two cogged racks slidinglymounted on the casing and engaged by opposite segments of the gear, aloose gripping-collar su rrounding the shaft, springheld dogs mounted onthe racks and vadapted to alternately engage the gripping-collar,trip-stops fast on the casing and engaging the dogs, a clamp mounted onthe shaft immediately in the rear of the gripping-collar and comprisingtwo members loosely connected by dogs which engage the reciprocatingshaft, a tension-nut screwed into one member of the clamp and engaged bythe power-spring, and a cushioned stop attached to the front end of thecasing against which the gapping-collar strikes, allowing the drillshaftto feed.

4E. The combination with the casing and reciprocating shaft, of a clampsurrounding the shaft, a rod suitably connected with the clamp andadapted to reciprocate with the shaft, a device attached to said rod andprovided with two tongues rigidly connected therewith and located out ofline with each other, said tongues being separated by a suitable spaceand having beveled faces, the said rod engaging a guide in the casingwhereby it has no rotary movement and can only move in a direct line,and a toothed wheel suitably incased and mounted on the shaft in such amanner as to cause the shaft and wheel to rotate together, while theshaft moves longitudinally in the wheel, the cogs of the gear engagingthe tongues of the reciprocating shaft.

5. In a rock-drill, the combination with the casing and thereciprocating shaft, of a clamp surrounding the shaft, and comprisingtwo members loosely connected by dogs adapted to engage the shaft, a rodsuitably connected with the clamp and adapted to reciprocate with theshaft, said rod carrying a device having two tongues not in line, saidtongues having separated beveled extremities,a cog-wheel suitably incased and splined on the shaft, the cogs of said wheel engaging thetongues of the turning device.

G. In a rock-drill, the combination with the casing, the reciprocatoryshaft, and the power-spring, of the cogged racks movably supported onthe casing, a gripping-collar surrounding the shaft, spring-held dogsattached to the racks and engaging the gripping-collar, trip-stopsattached to the casing and lying in the path of the dogs, a clampmounted on the shaft and comprising two members loosely connected bycams, said clamp-being engaged by the power-spring on one side and bythe gripping-collar on the other side, a mutilated gear journaled in thecasing and having opposite segments engaging the two racks, and meansfor rotating the drill-shaft, comprising a rod attached to the clamp, acogged wheel splined on the shaft, and a suitable device attached to therod and engaging the cog-wheel whereby the latter together with theshaft is rotated.

7. In a rock-drill, the combination with the casing, the reciprocatoryshaft and the powerspring, of two cogged racks movably supported on thecasing and carrying dogs, a gripping-collar surrounding the shaft andalternately engaged by the dogs, a mutilated gear having oppositesegments engaging the racks, a suitable lever for operating the gear,and a clamp surrounding the shaft and engaged by the power-spring, thefront end of the casing being provided with a stop adapted to resist themovement of the clamp while the shaft feeds.

8. In a hand rock-drill, the combination with the reciprocating shaftand the powerspring, of a clamp surrounding the shaft and engaged by thespring, said clamp being composed of two members loosely connected withapertured dogs adapted to grip the shaft, one aperture of each dog beingelongated, as and for Ithe purpose set forth.

E). The combination with a rock-drill, of a supporting-bar to which thedrill-casing is suitably attached, an extension-bar telescoping in themain bar, a loose gripping-collar connecting the two bars and adapted toautomatically prevent the inward movement of the inner bar, a clampsurroundin g the main bar and having a threaded projection passingthrough an opening in the drill-casing and secured by nuts screwed onsaid projection and engaging the casing on opposite sides, said barbeing provided with two collars one located on each side of the clamp,and an arm attached to one of the collars and extending at a suitableangle to the bar and engaging the bracket on the casing of the drill.

10. The combination with a rock-drill, of a supporting-bar to which thecasingissuitably attached, an extension-bar telescoping in the main bar,a .loose gripping-collar connecting the two bars and adapted toautomatically prevent the inward movement of the inner bar, two collarssurrounding the main bar and locked thereon by set-screws, said collarsbeing connected by a tongue, and a clamp attached to the casing of thedrill and having a groove engaged by the tongue connecting the clamps.

1l. In a rock-drilhthc combination with the drilling mechanism, of meansfor rotating the drill-shaft comprising a device connected with theshaft in such a manner as to reciprocate therewith, said device engaginga guide on the casing whereby it is permitted no rotary motion and canmove only in a direct line, said device having two tongues out of linewith each other and separated by a suitable space, said tongues havingbeveled faces, and a cogged or toothed wheel suitably incased andmounted on the shaft in such a manner as to cause the shaft and wheel torotate together,while the shaft moves longitudinally in the Wheel, thecogs or teeth of the gear engaging the tongues of the reciprocatingdevice.

l2. The combination with a rock-drill, of a supporting-bar to which thedrill-casing'is suitably attached, an extension-bar telescoping in themain bar, and a loose gripping-collar connecting the two bars andadapted to automatically prevent the inward movement of the inner bar,substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ABRAHAM M. SOUTHARD.

Witnesses:

G. J. ROLLANDET, ALFRED J. OBRIEN.

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